Tuesday, April 14, 2020

Fiber-optic communication

 Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of infrared light[1] through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information.[2]

Fiber is preferred over electrical cabling when high bandwidth, long distance, or immunity to electromagnetic interference are required. This type of communication can transmit voice, video, and telemetry through local area networks, computer networks, or across long distances.

Optical fiber is used by many telecommunications companies to transmit telephone signals, Internet communication, and cable television signals. Researchers at Bell Labs have reached internet speeds of over 100 petabit×kilometer per second using fiber-optic communication
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First developed in the 1970s, fiber-optics have revolutionized the telecommunications industry and have played a major role in the advent of the Information Age. Because of its advantages over electrical transmission, optical fibers have largely replaced copper wire communications in core networks in the developed world.

The process of communicating using fiber-optics involves the following basic steps:

creating the optical signal involving the use of a transmitter,[4] usually from an electrical signal
relaying the signal along the fiber, ensuring that the signal does not become too distorted or weak
receiving the optical signal
converting it into an electrical signal

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